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Leaky wave antenna
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Leaky wave antenna : ウィキペディア英語版
Leaky wave antenna

Leaky-Wave Antenna (LWA) belong to the more general class of Traveling wave antenna, that use a traveling wave on a guiding structure as the main radiating mechanism. Traveling-wave antenna fall into two general categories, slow-wave antennas and fast-wave antennas, which are usually referred to as leaky-wave antennas.
==Introduction==
The traveling wave on a Leaky-Wave Antenna is a fast wave, with a phase velocity greater than the speed of light.
This type of wave radiates continuously along its length, and hence the propagation wavenumber kz is complex, consisting of both a phase and an attenuation constant. Highly directive beams at an arbitrary specified angle can be achieved with this type of antenna, with a low sidelobe level. The phase constant β of the wave controls the beam angle (and this can be varied changing the frequency), while the attenuation constant α controls the beamwidth. The aperture distribution can also be easily tapered to control the sidelobe level or beam shape.
Leaky-wave antennas can be divided into two important categories, uniform and periodic, depending on the type of guiding structure.

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